Asperger's syndrome
Asperger's syndrome is an autistic spectrum disorder caused by a neurological dysfunction. People with Asperger's syndrome are likely to have the same range of intellectual skills as the general population, though they may have a number of other characteristics that make education less accessible to them.
As social interaction is so intrinsic to the way that most teaching and learning takes place, students with autism or Asperger's syndrome may find the experience of higher education daunting. However, in recent years, several students have had successful experiences in a range of subjects, most commonly in mathematics and computing.
Students with Asperger's syndrome may have above-average intelligence, extensive factual information, advanced vocabulary in a particular topic, exceptional memories for detail, a natural affinity for computers, be original and creative in their thought patterns, and very independent learners. However, they may also have some difficulties responding positively in the learning environment due to difficulties with cognitive flexibility and adapting to change or failure.
Autism
Autism is a life-long developmental disability that affects one in 150 people. The developmental disability impairs (to varying degrees) a person's understanding of what he or she sees, hears and senses. This results in problems with social relationships, communication and behaviour. It is generally accepted that autism is an organic brain disorder and it is four times more likely to affect boys than girls. The cause or causes of autism are, as yet, unknown. No factors in the child's psychological or family environment cause autism.